Mitosis: PMAT → 2 identical cells (growth/repair)
Meiosis: 4 haploid gametes (sex cells)
DNA: double helix, thymine | RNA: single, uracil
ATP: cell energy, made in mitochondria
pH blood: 7.35–7.45 (slightly alkaline)
Blood types: AB = universal recipient, O = universal donor
Photosynthesis: CO₂ + H₂O + light → glucose + O₂
Heart: Systole = contract, Diastole = relax, HR 60–100
Osmosis: water moves from low→high solute
Enzyme: biological catalyst, pH/temp sensitive
Pituitary: master gland | Thyroid: metabolism
Adrenal: cortisol + adrenaline | Pancreas: insulin/glucagon
Nervous: Sympathetic = fight/flight | Parasympathetic = rest/digest
Digestive order: Mouth → Esophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine
Respiratory: Alveoli = gas exchange | Diaphragm = breathing control
Kidneys: filter blood, regulate electrolytes, excrete urea
Immune: B cells = antibodies | T cells = cell immunity
Newton 2nd: F = ma | 3rd: equal/opposite reaction